What is Form A1?
Form A1 certifies that a person works in one EU Member State but is insured under the legislation of another EU Member State. It will solve your social security problems when working in different EU
When to issue an A1 certificate
Issuance of an A1 certificate results from the determination of applicable EU insurance legislation. In these situations, the applicable social security legislation is determined by the rules of Title II of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 (the basic Regulation).
- posted worker - Art. 12 (1) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
- seconded self-employed person - Art. 12 (2) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
- working on a vessel - Art. 11 (4) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
- an employed person working in two or more countries - Art. 13 (1) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
- a self-employed person working in two or more countries - Art. 13 (2) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
- working as an employed person and as a self-employed person in different countries - Art. 13 (3) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
- flight or cabin crew - Art. 11 (5) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
- civil servant - Art. 11 (3) (b) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
- exception - Art. 16 of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
The situations where an A1 certificate can be issued are exhaustively listed in section 3 of the form entitled "Confirmation of your employment status".
When does not issue an A1 certificate?
By the exclusion method, we can list the main cases for which an A1 certificate is not provided. These are the hypotheses under Title II of the basic Regulation:
- the basic rule (lex loci laboris) - Art. 11 (3) (a) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
- inactive persons (those who do not have the status of employed or self-employed)
- Art. 11 (3) (e) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
- persons who receive cash benefits (due to or as a result of their activity as an employed or self-employed person) - Art. 11 (2) of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
The EU-level procedural approach to certain cases of not issuing an A1 certificate sometimes creates uncertainty and difficulty in practice. Especially when applying the basic rule - lex loci laboris. Because in the EU, it is of utmost importance to clearly define the applicable legislation in the social sphere security. Otherwise, a lot of questions arise, both regarding the payment of social security contributions and the use of insurance rights. Changes in regulations are currently under discussion, some of which are linked to the issue of an A1 certificate in the hypothesis of the basic rule. If this happens, perhaps some of these difficulties will somehow be overcome
Note: Completing a request for issuance of A1 costs 50 leva and the NRA is the institution that decides whether to approve or reject the request.
